Method of producing steel abrasive material



March 18, 1930. s. D. LAYTON' METHOD OF PRODUCING STEEL ABRASIVEMATERIAL Filed NOV. 1927 gnmwtoz 61am nu;

Patented Mar. 18, 1930 "UNITED STA P AT )smunr. in. narrow, or GALION,onro METHOD OF PRODUCING STEEL ABRASIVE MATERIAL Application filedNovember 4, 1927. Serial No. 231,141.

This invention relates to improvementsin the production of carbonaceousmetal.abra-' sive material, the invention residing primarily in a methodfor the production of an ,5 abrasive matter from the so-called metalshot or similar stuff by passing the same' between relatively adjustedrigidly supported rolls and thereby subjecting the matter to a. crushersuflicient to reduce it to granular form, the

granules of which will be of a more uniform size, yet relativelydifierent shapes and cutting edges, affording the finished material withabrasive qualities capable of peak efficiency when directed on to anobject to be treated thereby.

'Another equally important object of the invention resides in theprovision of a method for the production of a carbonaceous metalabrasive wherein a materially less number of difierently sized abrasivegranules will be produced, avoiding wastage and incident loss, theproduct being free from powder like particles and consequently, withoutgraphite which, with usage of an abrasive containing the same will causethe objectionable smudging of objects treated therewith. Other objectsof the invention will be quite obvious'and in part pointed outhereinafter.

That the meritorious features of the im- 80 proved method hereinafterset forth in detail may be understood and appreciated by workers skilledin the art, it may be noted at this.

\,point that the methods heretofore practiced in the production ofcarbonaceous metal abrasive materials, generally, are objectionable and'comparatively impracticalin that through the same, a material consistingof too varied range of sizin is had, such material including granules oexcessive size at the character at the other. Because of this'widevariance of sizes or mesh of the materiaha goodly portion thereofrepresents absolute waste and loss following a classifying sizing of thesame through separator apparatus. Further, by reason of the-manner inwhich the shot or raw material is crushed, the graphite products of themetal are liberated and this, with a continued working of the me hod,causes the coating of the material to one extreme and particles ofpowder like such an extent that the cutting edges of the granules orparticles are rounded and dulled and when it is subsequently used animpractical cleaning results; also, with usage an extremelyobjectionable smudging of the article treated results, thereforerendering the material practically unfit for usage in thecleaning ofporcelain matter and the like. The abrasive material produced by myimproved method, as hereinbefore stated, contains but a limited numberof di'lferently sized granules and practically all of these-granules maybe classified or sized through suitable separator apparatus andsubsequently used for different work; the particles or granules beingfree. of graphite coating and consequently, possessing sharp or acutecutting edges capable of highly eflicient abrasive action and further,the material is free of, liberated graphite so that articles treatedthereby will 1 .not be smudged or soiled.

, In order that the invention .and its mode of working "may be fullyunderstood by those skilled in the art, I have in the accompanyingillustrative drawings and in the detailed following description basedthereupon, set out a possible embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings: j Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through aform of mill employed for the crushin of the abrasive material inaccordance wit the invention,

Figure 2 is agreatly enlarged elevation of the shot or raw material,from which I produce my imp roved abrasive, and- Figure 3 1s a'similarView showing particles or granulesof abrasive material produced inaccordance method.

drawings, in connection'with which like characters of reference willdesignate corresponding I parts throughout, my improved method for theproduction of a carbonaceous metal abrasive material is effected orworked 95 4 through the medium of a roll type of crushing mill such asis generally illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, saidmill includinga base or body portion 1 on which bearings 2 are adjustably mounted and 0 .with the impr dw Having more particular referenceto the carry relatively opposed parallel crushing rollsv 3 adapted to berotated at substantially the same rate of speed; the bearings 2 beingadapted to be relatively adjusted through the medium of adjusting rods 4having adjusting and locking nuts 5-turned into engagement with thescrew threaded ends thereof. By

- this means, the adjacent peripheral portions j in Figure 2,. whenintroduced to and'passed of the crushing rolls 3 may be minutelyadjusted to such relative arrangement that the so-called meta-l shot orraw material designated by the numeral 6 and shown in detail into thepre-adjusted gap between the curved crushing surfaces of the same, asshown in the Figure 1, will bereduced or' crushed to produce abrasivegranules of a generally uniform or near uniformsizing designated by thenumerals 7 and shown in detail in the Figure 3.

It is of course to be uhderstoodthat an appropriate form of means forfeeding or delivering the raw material or metal shot through therelatively opposed peripheral portionsof the crushing rolls, may beprovided, such as conditions or preference may dictate and likewise,that a suitable form of means may be provided the mill forreceiving thecrushed abrasive material 7 and conveying it'to a suitable deliverypoint. Likewise, if desirable, the specific form of crushing rolls andmounting therefor together with the mechanical means for effectingrelative adjustment of the same may be changed or modified within therange of mechanical multiplicity of cutting faces or edges which willremain clean, sharp and acute and hence, will lend materially to theabrasive efliciency of the product.= Furthermore, it will be understoodthat the abrasive material produced in accordance with the improvedmethod will be free of graphite coating over or about the abrasivegranules and consequently upon this, their cutting edges or faces ofthe. granules will remain sharp and clean an therefore will effectivelyclean matter treated thereby without liability of smudgingor similarlysoiling it due to the coating of the granules by graphite liberatedduring the crushing operation as is the case with those forms ofabrasive materials produced by method heretofore prevalent in-thisparticu-' la: art.

The crushed carbonaceous metal abrasive subsequently to dischargefromthe millwill, of course, be subjected to a classifying stage ofoperation, not shown herein, whereby the differently sized granules willbe classified 7 according to their respective sizes 'and then packagedor bagged for subsequent usage in accordance with the requirements of aparticular job;

- As stated elsewhere in this specification,

I am quite fully aware that carbonaceous metal. abrasive materials havebeen long produced in, this particular art but in so far as my knowledgeextends, the art has heretofore been without a method of producing acarbonaceous metal abrasive material wherein a limited number ofdifferently sized abrasive granules will be produced and wherein thepresence of powder like particles in the material will be greatlyreduced and furthermore, the abrasive granules or particles will be freeof a coating of graphite liberated during the crushing operation.

Through the medium of my method, an abrasive material possessing each ofthe aforesaid desirable qualities is had.

I claim:

1. The herein described method of producing a carbonaceous metalabrasive material, which consists in introducing the raw material inform of shot into the gap between relatively opposed crushing surfacesmovingat substantially the same rate of speed through said gap andsubjecting the material to the crushing action thereof.

2. The herein described method of producing a carbonaceous metalabrasive material which consists in introducing the-raw material in formof shot into the preadjusted gap between relatively opposed crushingsurfaces moving at substantially the same rate of speed through said gapand subjecting the material to the crushing action thereof.

3. The herein described method of producing a carbonaceoils metalabrasive material, which consists in introducing the raw .materialinform of shot into the gap between the curved surfaces of relatively op-J posed crushing devices movlng at substantially the same rateof speedthrough sald gap and subjecting the material to the crushing actionthereof;

4 4;. The herein described method of producing a carbonaceous metalabrasive material,

which consists in introducing the raw material in form of shot into thepreadjusted gap between relatively opposed curved crushing surfacesmoving at substantially the same rate of speed through said gap andsubjecting the material to the crushing action thereof.

5. The herein described method of producing a carbonaceous metalabrasive ma terial, which consists in introducing the raw material inform of shot into the gap between relatively opposed crushing surfacesmeteec material in form of shot into the gap between relatively opposedcrushing rolls -moving at substantially the 'same rate of speed throughsaid gap and subjecting the material to the crushing action thereof.

SAMUEL D.

'LAYTON.

